英语听力讲座：表达同意、模糊语言与礼貌交流技巧

名词树篱; 保护手段; 防止损失（尤指金钱）的手段

及物动词用树篱围起; 受…的束缚

及物/不及物动词回避，避免

形容词树篱下的，树篱旁的; 偷偷摸摸的，名声不好的，低劣的

1. 树篱
A hedge is a row of bushes or small trees, usually along the edge of a garden, field, or road.

2. 防备，防范（尤指金钱损失）
If you hedge against something unpleasant or unwanted that might affect you, especially losing money, you do something which will protect you from it.

e.g. You can hedge against redundancy or illness with insurance...
可以购买保险以防失业或患病。
e.g. Today's clever financial instruments make it possible for firms to hedge their risks.
现今各种巧妙的金融手段使得各公司防范风险成为可能。

3. 防护物;防备手段;防范措施
Something that is a hedge against something unpleasant will protect you from its effects.

e.g. Gold is traditionally a hedge against inflation.
购买黄金是防范通货膨胀的一种传统手段。

4. 躲闪;回避
If you hedge, you avoid answering a question or committing yourself to a particular action or decision.

e.g. They hedged in answering various questions about the operation...
他们闪烁其词，不愿回答有关此次行动的各种问题。
e.g. 'I can't give you an answer now,' he hedged.
“我现在不能回答你，”他闪避道。

5. 两面下注以防损失;骑墙
If you hedge your bets, you reduce the risk of losing a lot by supporting more than one person or thing in a situation where they are opposed to each other.

e.g. Hawker Siddeley tried to hedge its bets by diversifying into other fields...
霍克·西德利试图通过在其他领域进行多样化发展来规避风险。
e.g. Forecasters are hedging their bets about the outcome of this Saturday's Louisiana governor's race.
预测家对本周六路易斯安那州州长竞选的结果骑墙观望，多手下注。

相关词组：hedge about

名词协定，协议; 同意，一致; 合同书; （词之间性、数、人称方面与…）一致

1. 协议；协定；协约
An agreement is a formal decision about future action which is made by two or more countries, groups, or people.

e.g. It looks as though a compromise agreement has now been reached...
看起来好像现已达成一个妥协协定。
e.g. The two countries signed an agreement to jointly launch satellites.
两国曾签订了联合发射人造卫星的协议。

2. 达成协议
Agreement on something is a joint decision that a particular course of action should be taken.

e.g. The two men had not reached agreement on any issues...
两人还未就任何议题达成协议。
e.g. But instead of ending in agreement, the talks broke up in acrimony at the end of the week.
但是到这个周末，谈判非但没有达成协议反而在唇枪舌剑中不欢而散。

3. 意见一致；看法相同
Agreement with someone means having the same opinion as they have.

e.g. The judge kept nodding in agreement...
法官不停地点头表示同意。
e.g. There was general agreement that every effort should be made to prevent the war from spreading.
人们一致认为应该竭尽全力阻止战事扩大。

4. 赞成；赞同
Agreement to a course of action means allowing it to happen or giving it your approval.

e.g. The clinic doctor will then write to your GP to get his agreement.
然后门诊医生将会写信给你的全科医生以取得他的同意。

5. (叙述、数据的)一致，相符
If there is agreement between two accounts of an event or two sets of figures, they are the same or are consistent with each other.

e.g. Many other surveys have produced results essentially in agreement with these figures.
许多其他调查已经得出了与这些数据基本一致的结果。

6. （与搭配名词或代词在数或性上的）一致，呼应
In grammar, agreement refers to the way that a word has a form appropriate to the number or gender of the noun or pronoun it relates to.

名词怀疑，疑虑; 未确定

及物动词怀疑，疑惑

不及物动词不确定，不能肯定或怀疑

1. 怀疑;疑虑
If you have doubt or doubts about something, you feel uncertain about it and do not know whether it is true or possible. If you say you have no doubt about it, you mean that you are certain it is true.

e.g. This raises doubts about the point of advertising...
这对做广告的意义提出了疑问。
e.g. I had my doubts when she started, but she's getting really good...
她刚开始做时我心存疑虑，但她真的做得很好。

2. 不能肯定;认为…未必可能
If you doubt whether something is true or possible, you believe that it is probably not true or possible.

e.g. Others doubted whether that would happen...
其他人认为那未必会发生。
e.g. He doubted if he would learn anything new from Marie...
他认为他不太可能从玛丽那儿学到任何新东西。

3. 怀疑（某事物的真实性）
If you doubt something, you believe that it might not be true or genuine.

e.g. No one doubted his ability...
没有人怀疑他的能力。
e.g. Nobody that I spoke to doubted his sincerity as a politician.
和我谈过话的人中没有一个怀疑他作为一个政治家的诚意。

4. 怀疑，不相信（某人或某人的话）
If you doubt someone or doubt their word, you think that they may not be telling the truth.

e.g. No one directly involved with the case doubted him...
与此案直接相关的人中没有人怀疑他。
e.g. I still have no reason to doubt his word.
我还是没有理由怀疑他的话。

5. 无疑地;确实地
You say that something is beyond doubt or beyond reasonable doubt when you are certain that it is true and it cannot be contradicted or disproved.

e.g. A referendum showed beyond doubt that voters wanted independence...
全民公决无疑显示选民支持独立。
e.g. His ability is beyond any doubt.
他的能力毋庸置疑。

6. 不能肯定的;拿不准的
If you are in doubt about something, you feel unsure or uncertain about it.

e.g. He is in no doubt as to what is needed...
他很确定需要什么。
e.g. When in doubt, call the doctor.
如有疑问，请联系医生。

7. 我怀疑;我认为不可能
You say I doubt it as a response to a question or statement about something that you think is untrue or unlikely.

e.g. 'Somebody would have seen her.' — 'I doubt it, not on Monday.'
“可能有人见过她。”——“我认为不可能，不可能在星期一。”

8. 可疑的;不确定的;不可靠的
If you say that something is in doubt or open to doubt, you consider it to be uncertain or unreliable.

e.g. The outcome was still in doubt...
结果仍不确定。
e.g. That claim is increasingly open to doubt.
那一说法越来越可疑。

9. 无疑地;必定
You use no doubt to emphasize that something seems certain or very likely to you.

e.g. The contract for this will no doubt be widely advertised...
关于这个的合约无疑会受到广泛宣传。
e.g. She's a very sweet woman, as you no doubt know by now.
她是一个非常温柔的女人，你现在肯定知道了。

10. 固然;诚然
You use no doubt to indicate that you accept the truth of a particular point, but that you do not consider it is important or contradicts the rest of what you are saying.

e.g. No doubt I'm biased, but it was the most cruel, evil human face I ever set eyes on...
我固然是有偏见的，但那是我所见到的最残忍、最邪恶的人。
e.g. No doubt many will regard these as harsh words, but regrettably they are true.
固然会有很多人认为这些话过于刻薄，但是遗憾的是这些都是真话。

11. 无疑地;确实地
If you say that something is true without doubt or without a doubt, you are emphasizing that it is definitely true.

e.g. Without doubt this was the most important relationship I developed at college...
这无疑是我在大学时期建立的最重要的关系了。
e.g. The refugees, without a doubt, are the most vulnerable.
难民无疑是最易受到伤害的。

12. the benefit of the doubt - see benefit
a shadow of a doubt - see shadow

及物/不及物动词打断（别人的话等）; 阻止; 截断

及物动词中断; 打扰; 暂停; 妨碍

不及物动词打断

名词中断; 暂停

1. 打断(某人)
If you interrupt someone who is speaking, you say or do something that causes them to stop.

e.g. Turkin tapped him on the shoulder. 'Sorry to interrupt, Colonel.'...
图尔金拍拍他的肩膀。“不好意思打断您一下,上校。”
e.g. He tried to speak, but she interrupted him.
他想说话,但被她打断了。

名词建议，意见，暗示; 联想，启发; 微量

1. 建议;提议
If you make a suggestion, you put forward an idea or plan for someone to think about.

e.g. The dietitian was helpful, making suggestions as to how I could improve my diet...
这位营养学家就如何改善饮食给我提出了些建议，对我很有帮助。
e.g. Perhaps he'd followed her suggestion of a stroll to the river...
也许他已经听从了她的建议去河边散步了。

2. 暗示;示意
A suggestion is something that a person says which implies that something is the case.

e.g. We reject any suggestion that the law needs amending...
对于任何暗示该法律需要修改的观点我们都拒绝接受。
e.g. There are suggestions that he might be supported by the Socialists.
有人认为他可能会受到社会党的支持。

3. 表明;征兆;根据
If there is no suggestion that something is the case, there is no reason to think that it is the case.

e.g. There is no suggestion whatsoever that the two sides are any closer to agreeing...
没有任何迹象表明双方将会达成一致。
e.g. There is absolutely no suggestion of any mainstream political party involvement.
没有任何依据表明有任何主要政党参与其中。

4. 些微;些许
If there is a suggestion of something, there is a slight amount or sign of it.

e.g. ...that fashionably faint suggestion of a tan.
略带一点流行的古铜色
e.g. ...a firm, well-sprung mattress with not one suggestion of a sag.
结实、没有一点凹陷的高弹力床垫

5. 联想;暗示
Suggestion means giving people a particular idea by associating it with other ideas.

e.g. The power of suggestion is very strong.
暗示的力量是无比强大的。

名词增值; 感谢; 欣赏；鉴赏; 评估

1. 欣赏；鉴赏;赏识
Appreciation of something is the recognition and enjoyment of its good qualities.

e.g. ...an investigation into children's understanding and appreciation of art...
就孩子对艺术的理解和欣赏所作的调查
e.g. Brian whistled in appreciation.
布赖恩吹口哨以示赞赏。

2. 感谢；感激
Your appreciation for something that someone does for you is your gratitude for it.

e.g. He expressed his appreciation for what he called Saudi Arabia's moderate and realistic oil policies.
他表示很感激沙特阿拉伯推行的被他称作稳健而务实的石油政策。
e.g. ...the gifts presented to them in appreciation of their work.
为感谢他们所做的工作而赠与他们的礼物

3. 领会；了解；认识
An appreciation of a situation or problem is an understanding of what it involves.

e.g. They have a stronger appreciation of the importance of economic incentives.
他们对经济激励的重要性有了更深的理解。

4. 升值；增值
Appreciation in the value of something is an increase in its value over a period of time.

e.g. You have to take capital appreciation of the property into account.
你必须将该处房产的资本增值考虑在内。

5. （对艺术家、表演者或其作品的）评论，评价
An appreciation of an artist or performer or of their work is a speech or piece of writing in which they are discussed and assessed.

e.g. I had written an appreciation of Hernandez for a magazine.
我为一家杂志社写过一篇评论埃尔南德斯的文章。