[10分09秒] 小猪佩奇英语学习第二季第13集：2000基础词汇+地道表达解析

及物/不及物动词提供; （为…）服务; 任（职）; 端上

及物动词招待; （为…）工作; 对…有用; 向…供应

不及物动词适合; 服役; 供职; [网球、羽毛球]发球

名词网球等发球; 发球权; 所发的球

1. 为…服务;为…效力;为…效忠
If you serve your country, an organization, or a person, you do useful work for them.

e.g. It is unfair to soldiers who have served their country well for many years...
这对那些为国效忠多年的士兵们来说是不公平的。
e.g. I have always said that I would serve the Party in any way it felt appropriate.
我一直说，只要需要，我愿意为党效力，不管以何种方式。

2. (尤指在部队)服役;(在政府部门)任职
If you serve in a particular place or as a particular official, you perform official duties, especially in the armed forces, as a civil servant, or as a politician.

e.g. During the second world war he served with RAF Coastal Command...
二战期间他在英国皇家空军海防总队服役。
e.g. He also served on the National Front's national executive committee...
他还曾就职于民族阵线全国执行委员会。

3. 用作;可当…使用;充作
If something serves as a particular thing or serves a particular purpose, it performs a particular function, which is often not its intended function.

e.g. She ushered me into the front room, which served as her office...
她把我领进了她用作办公室的前厅。
e.g. I really do not think that an inquiry would serve any useful purpose...
我真的认为调查没有任何实际意义。

4. 供应(某地或某人);为…提供服务
If something serves people or an area, it provides them with something that they need.

e.g. This could mean the closure of thousands of small businesses which serve the community...
这可能意味着成千上万家服务社会的小企业将要倒闭。
e.g. ...improvements in the public water-supply system serving the Nairobi area...
内罗毕地区的公共供水系统的改善

5. 对…有用;能满足…的需要;符合…的利益
Something that serves someone's interests benefits them.

e.g. The economy should be organized to serve the interests of all the people...
经济的组织运行应符合所有人的利益。
e.g. They may well decide that their interests would be best served by joining in.
他们很有可能认定参与其中才会令其利益最大化。

6. (给…)提供，端上(食物);上(菜);开(饭)
When you serve food and drink, you give people food and drink.

e.g. Serve it with French bread...
把它和法式面包一起端上去。
e.g. Serve the cakes warm...
趁热上蛋糕。

7. (食物的量)足够…吃
Serve is used to indicate how much food a recipe produces. For example, a recipe that serves six provides enough food for six people.

e.g. Garnish with fresh herbs. Serves 4.
配以新鲜香草，4 人份。

8. 接待，服务，招待(顾客)
Someone who serves customers in a shop or a bar helps them and provides them with what they want to buy.

e.g. They wouldn't serve me in any pubs 'cos I looked too young...
这些酒吧都不让我进，因为我看上去太小了。
e.g. Auntie and Uncle suggested she serve in the shop.
阿姨和叔叔建议她去商店工作。

9. 送交(令状等);把…送达
When the police or other officials serve someone with a legal order or serve an order on them, they give or send the legal order to them.

e.g. Immigration officers tried to serve her with a deportation order...
移民局官员试图向她下达驱逐令。
e.g. Police said they had been unable to serve a summons on 25-year-old Lee Jones.
警方说他们无法传唤 25 岁的李·琼斯。

10. 服(刑);当(学徒)
If you serve something such as a prison sentence or an apprenticeship, you spend a period of time doing it.

e.g. ...Leo, who is currently serving a life sentence for murder...
因谋杀罪正在服无期徒刑的利奥
e.g. He was able to serve his apprenticeship as a trainer with Eddie Futch.
他当时师从埃迪·富齐学当拳击教练员。

11. (在网球、羽毛球等比赛中)发球
When you serve in games such as tennis and badminton, you throw up the ball or shuttlecock and hit it to start play.

e.g. He served 17 double faults...
他有 17 次双发失误。
e.g. If you serve like this nobody can beat you.
如果你像这样发球，没有人可以击败你。

12. (某些球类比赛中的)发球
When you describe someone's serve, you are indicating how well or how fast they serve a ball or shuttlecock.

e.g. His powerful serve was too much for the defending champion.
他的大力发球让卫冕冠军难以招架。

13. see also: serving

14. 咎由自取;罪有应得;活该
If you say it serves someone right when something unpleasant happens to them, you mean that it is their own fault and you have no sympathy for them.

e.g. Serves her right for being so stubborn.
她太固执了，活该。

相关词组：serve outserve up

及物动词避开，避免，预防; [法]使无效，撤销，废止

1. 避免,防止（坏事发生）
If you avoid something unpleasant that might happen, you take action in order to prevent it from happening.

e.g. The pilots had to take emergency action to avoid a disaster...
飞行员不得不采取紧急措施避免灾难的发生。
e.g. Women have to dress modestly, to avoid being harassed by the locals.
女士穿着应当庄重，以免受到当地人的骚扰。

2. 避免（做…）
If you avoid doing something, you choose not to do it, or you put yourself in a situation where you do not have to do it.

e.g. By borrowing from dozens of banks, he managed to avoid giving any of them an overall picture of what he was up to...
他向许多银行借款，使得任何一家都搞不清楚他到底要做什么。
e.g. He was always careful to avoid embarrassment.
他总是小心谨慎地避免尴尬。

3. 躲开（人、事物）；回避（话题）
If you avoid a person or thing, you keep away from them. When talking to someone, if you avoid the subject, you keep the conversation away from a particular topic.

e.g. She eventually had to lock herself in the toilets to avoid him...
她最后只好把自己锁在厕所里来躲开他。
e.g. All through lunch he had carefully avoided the subject of the house.
整个午饭期间，他一直在小心翼翼地回避房子的话题。

4. （人或车改变方向）避让
If a person or vehicle avoids someone or something, they change the direction they are moving in, so that they do not hit them.

e.g. The driver had ample time to brake or swerve and avoid the woman.
司机有足够的时间刹车或急转弯，来避开那个女人。

5. to avoid someone or something like the plague - see plague

及物动词期望; 预料; 要求; 认为（某事）会发生

不及物动词期待; 预期; 怀胎; 怀孕

1. 预期;预料;期待
If you expect something to happen, you believe that it will happen.

e.g. ...a council workman who expects to lose his job in the next few weeks...
预计自己在接下来的几周里会丢掉工作的市政工人
e.g. They no longer expect corporate profits to improve...
他们不再期待公司利润会增长。

2. 盼望;期待;等待
If you are expecting something or someone, you believe that they will be delivered to you or come to you soon, often because this has been arranged earlier.

e.g. I am expecting several important letters but nothing has arrived...
我正在等几封重要的信件，可是一封都没到。
e.g. I wasn't expecting a visitor...
我没想到会有人来访。

3. 要求；认为应当得到;指望
If you expect something, or expect a person to do something, you believe that it is your right to have that thing, or the person's duty to do it for you.

e.g. He wasn't expecting our hospitality...
他没有指望我们会盛情款待。
e.g. I do expect to have some time to myself in the evenings...
我确实希望晚上能有些属于自己的时间。

4. 指望;期望
If you tell someone not to expect something, you mean that the thing is unlikely to happen as they have planned or imagined, and they should not hope that it will.

e.g. Don't expect an instant cure...
别指望立即治愈。
e.g. You cannot expect to like all the people you will work with...
不要指望你会喜欢所有和你共事的人。

5. 怀孕
If you say that a woman is expecting a baby, or that she is expecting, you mean that she is pregnant.

e.g. She was expecting another baby...
她又怀孕了。
e.g. I hear Dawn's expecting again.
我听说唐又怀孕了。

6. 我认为;我猜想
You say 'I expect' to suggest that a statement is probably correct, or a natural consequence of the present situation, although you have no definite knowledge.

e.g. I expect you can guess what follows...
我想你能猜出接下来发生了什么。
e.g. I expect you're tired...
我想你累了。

7. 你还想指望什么；那有什么大惊小怪的
You can say 'What can you expect?' or 'What do you expect?' to emphasize that there is nothing surprising about a situation or a person's behaviour, especially if you find this disappointing.

e.g. It tastes artificial, but at that price what can you expect?...
尝起来像是假的，但是就这个价格你还想指望什么？
e.g. If a guy hunts and owns guns, what do you expect?
如果一个人打猎而且还有自己的枪，你还想指望什么？

名词充裕; 富裕

副词大量; 很多; 十分; 足够有余

限定词大量; 很多

代词大量; 充足; 众多

1. （尤指足够的或超出需要的）丰富，充足，大量
If there is plenty of something, there is a large amount of it. If there are plenty of things, there are many of them. Plenty is used especially to indicate that there is enough of something, or more than you need.

e.g. There was still plenty of time to take Jill out for pizza...
还有充裕的时间带吉尔出去吃比萨饼。
e.g. Most businesses face plenty of competition...
大多数企业面临着巨大的竞争压力。

2. 富裕；富足；繁荣
Plenty is a situation in which people have a lot to eat or a lot of money to live on.

e.g. You are all fortunate to be growing up in a time of peace and plenty.
你们都很幸运，成长在和平富足的时代。
e.g. ...an area that has become a symbol of despair in the midst of America's plenty.
在富庶的美国已成为绝望象征的一个地区

3. （用于形容词或副词前）非常，十分，很
You use plenty in front of adjectives or adverbs to emphasize the degree of the quality they are describing.

e.g. The water looked plenty deep...
这水看起来很深。
e.g. The compartment is plenty big enough...
这个隔间足够大了。

4. 丰富地；充足地；大量地
If there are things in plenty, those things exist or happen in large amounts or numbers.

e.g. There were thrills in plenty on Saturday at Terrassa, where Germany won the gold medal...
周六的塔拉萨充满着紧张兴奋的气氛，德国队在此赢得了金牌。
e.g. School inspectors visit regularly, finding everything satisfactory, books in plenty and five computer terminals.
督学定期进行检查，发现所有方面都令人满意，教材充足，还有5台计算机终端设备。

形容词通常的，常有的，常见的; 平常的，普通的; 平时的，平日的; 一向的，老是那一套的

1. 通常的；寻常的；惯常的
Usual is used to describe what happens or what is done most often in a particular situation.

e.g. It is a neighborhood beset by all the usual inner-city problems...
这是个为各种内城常见问题所困扰的社区。
e.g. She's smiling her usual friendly smile...
她脸上挂着她一贯的微笑。

2. 像平常一样；照例
You use as usual to indicate that you are describing something that normally happens or that is normally the case.

e.g. As usual there will be the local and regional elections on June the twelfth...
照例，6月12日将会进行地方及区域选举。
e.g. The front pages are, as usual, a mixture of domestic and foreign news.
像平常一样，头版上刊登着国内外新闻。

3. （尤指其他事情有变化时）照常
If something happens as usual, it happens in the way that it normally does, especially when other things have changed.

e.g. When somebody died everything went on as usual, as if it had never happened...
就算有人死了一切也都照常进行，好像什么事都没发生过。
e.g. With medication, life at home goes on as usual.
接受药物治疗后，家里的生活还能一切如常。

4. business as usual - see business

名词蜗牛; 慢性子

1. 蜗牛
A snail is a small animal with a long, soft body, no legs, and a spiral-shaped shell. Snails move very slowly.

2. 慢吞吞地;缓慢地
If you say that someone does something at a snail's pace, you are emphasizing that they are doing it very slowly, usually when you think it would be better if they did it much more quickly.

e.g. The train was moving now at a snail's pace...
火车这会儿走得跟蜗牛一样慢。
e.g. The economy grew at a snail's pace in the first three months of this year.
今年第一季度经济增速缓慢。

名词捷径，近路; 被切短的东西

形容词颠簸的; 崎岖的; 气流不稳的

1. （道路）崎岖不平的
A bumpy road or path has a lot of bumps on it.

e.g. ...bumpy cobbled streets.
铺了鹅卵石的凹凸不平的街道

2. （旅途）颠簸的
A bumpy journey is uncomfortable and rough, usually because you are travelling over an uneven surface.

e.g. ...a hot and bumpy ride across the desert...
一次炎热而又颠簸的沙漠之行
e.g. We had a bumpy flight over the centre of Panama.
我们的飞机摇摇晃晃地飞过巴拿马中部地区。