英语听力学习：决策与优先级表达词汇解析

名词妥协; （名誉等的）损害; 妥协（或折中）方案; 折中物

不及物动词折中解决; 妥协，退让

及物动词违背（原则）; 连累; （尤指因行为不很明智）使陷入危险

1. 折中;妥协;让步
A compromise is a situation in which people accept something slightly different from what they really want, because of circumstances or because they are considering the wishes of other people.

e.g. Encourage your child to reach a compromise between what he wants and what you want...
鼓励孩子在他的愿望和你的愿望之间找到一个折中点。
e.g. Be ready and willing to make compromises between your needs and those of your partner...
时刻准备好并乐意在自己与伴侣的需求之间作出让步。

2. 妥协;作出让步
If you compromise with someone, you reach an agreement with them in which you both give up something that you originally wanted. You can also say that two people or groups compromise .

e.g. The government has compromised with its critics over monetary policies...
政府已经就货币政策向批评人士作出让步。
e.g. 'Nine,' said I. 'Nine thirty,' tried he. We compromised on 9.15...
“9点。”我说。“9点半。”他试着说。于是我们各让一步，定在了9点一刻。

3. 使（自己）声誉受损;违背(信念)
If someone compromises themselves or compromises their beliefs, they do something which damages their reputation for honesty, loyalty, or high moral principles.

e.g. ...members of the government who have compromised themselves by co-operating with the emergency committee...
因与紧急委员会合作而使自己名誉受损的政府成员
e.g. He would rather shoot himself than compromise his principles.
他宁愿一枪打死自己也不愿违背自己的原则。

名词选择; 选择权; 精选品; 入选者

形容词上等的，精选的

1. 选择范围;选择余地
If there is a choice of things, there are several of them and you can choose the one you want.

e.g. It's available in a choice of colours...
有多种颜色可供选择。
e.g. At lunchtime, there's a choice between the buffet or the set menu...
午餐可以吃自助餐，也可以选套餐。

2. 选定的人(或物)
Your choice is someone or something that you choose from a range of things.

e.g. Although he was only grumbling, his choice of words made Rodney angry.
尽管他只是在咕哝，可是他的措词却让罗德妮恼火。

3. 优选的;高品质的
Choice means of very high quality.

e.g. ...Fortnum and Mason's choicest chocolates.
福楠—梅森百货商店的上等巧克力

4. 不得不;只好
If you have no choice but to do something or have little choice but to do it, you cannot avoid doing it.

e.g. They had little choice but to agree to what he suggested.
他们别无选择，只好接受他的提议。

5. …选中的;…看中的
The thing or person of your choice is the one that you choose.

e.g. ...tickets to see the football team of your choice...
观看自己喜欢的足球队比赛的门票
e.g. In many societies children still marry someone of their parents' choice.
在许多社会，子女结婚仍然只能听从父母之命。

6. 首选的;广受欢迎的
The item of choice is the one that most people prefer.

e.g. The drug is set to become the treatment of choice for asthma worldwide...
这种药将会成为全世界治疗哮喘的首选。
e.g. The drink of choice seems to be vodka.
最受欢迎的酒似乎是伏特加。

名词决定; 决议; 果断; （法院的）判决

及物动词[口语][拳击]靠判定击败（对手）

1. 决定;抉择
When you make a decision, you choose what should be done or which is the best of various possible actions.

e.g. A decision was taken to discipline Marshall...
已作出对马歇尔进行处罚的决定。
e.g. The president said he'd made no firm decision on whether he would run for a second term in office...
总统说他还没有下定决心是否竞选连任。

2. 作决定;作抉择
Decision is the act of deciding something or the need to decide something.

e.g. The moment of decision cannot be delayed...
作出决定的时刻由不得耽搁。
e.g. This was a matter for decision by the individual.
这件事需要个人自己决定。

3. 果断;决断（力）
Decision is the ability to decide quickly and definitely what to do.

e.g. He is very much a man of decision and action.
他是一个遇事非常果断、行动极为迅速的人。

名词因素; 数因子; 代理人

及物动词把…因素包括进去; [数学]分解…的因子，将…分解成因子; 以代理商（或管家等）的身份行事，做代理商（或管家）

不及物动词做代理商（或管家）

1. 因素;要素
A factor is one of the things that affects an event, decision, or situation.

e.g. Physical activity is an important factor in maintaining fitness.
进行体育活动是保持身体健康的一个重要因素。

2. (增长的)倍数
If an amount increases by a factor of two, for example, or by a factor of eight, then it becomes two times bigger or eight times bigger.

e.g. The cost of butter quadrupled and bread prices increased by a factor of five.
黄油价格涨了 4 倍，面包价格涨了 5 倍。

3. 系数
You can use factor to refer to a particular level on a scale of measurement.

e.g. ...suncream with a protection factor of 8.
防晒系数为 8 的防晒霜

4. 因子;因数
A factor of a whole number is a smaller whole number which can be multiplied with another whole number to produce the first whole number.

相关词组：factor in

名词优先，优先权; （时间，序上的）先，前; 优先考虑的事; [数]优先次序

1. 优先事项；最重要的事；当务之急
If something is a priority, it is the most important thing you have to do or deal with, or must be done or dealt with before everything else you have to do.

e.g. Being a parent is her first priority...
做好母亲是她的头等大事。
e.g. The government's priority is to build more power plants...
政府的首要任务是建造更多的发电站。

2. 优先考虑；给…优先权
If you give priority to something or someone, you treat them as more important than anything or anyone else.

e.g. The school will give priority to science, maths and modern languages...
学校将重点发展理科、数学和现代语言。
e.g. The proposals deserve support as they give priority to the needs of children.
这些提议值得拥护，因为它们优先考虑了儿童的需求。

3. 优先于；比…重要
If something takes priority or has priority over other things, it is regarded as being more important than them and is dealt with first.

e.g. The fight against inflation took priority over measures to combat the deepening recession...
抵制通货膨胀比抑制日益加剧的经济衰退更为重要。
e.g. I disagree with the premise that economic development has priority over the environment.
我不赞成经济发展应优先于环境保护这个前提。