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名词挑战; 质疑; 盘问; 怀疑

及物动词质疑; 向…挑战

不及物动词提出挑战，要求竞赛（或竞争）; 驳斥

1. 挑战;难题
A challenge is something new and difficult which requires great effort and determination.

e.g. I like a big challenge and they don't come much bigger than this...
我喜欢大的挑战，而所有挑战中再没有比这更大的了。
e.g. The new government's first challenge is the economy.
新政府面临的第一个难题是经济问题。

2. (成功地)应对挑战，迎接挑战
If someone rises to the challenge, they act in response to a difficult situation which is new to them and are successful.

e.g. The new Germany must rise to the challenge of its enhanced responsibilities...
一个崭新的德国必须迎接挑战，承担更多的责任。
e.g. They rose to the challenge of entertaining 80 schoolchildren for an afternoon.
他们一个下午成功接待了80名学童。

3. (对真实性、价值、权威等提出的)怀疑，质疑
A challenge to something is a questioning of its truth or value. A challenge to someone is a questioning of their authority.

e.g. The demonstrators have now made a direct challenge to the authority of the government.
示威者现在直接对政府的权威发出了质疑。

4. 怀疑，质疑(真实性、价值、权威等)
If you challenge ideas or people, you question their truth, value, or authority.

e.g. Democratic leaders have challenged the president to sign the bill...
民主党领袖对总统签署这项法案提出了质疑。
e.g. The move was immediately challenged by two of the republics...
此项动议立即遭到其中两个共和国的反对。

5. 挑战；向…下战书
If you challenge someone, you invite them to fight or compete with you in some way.

e.g. A mum slashed a neighbour's car tyre and challenged her to a fight after their daughters fell out...
两家的女儿吵起来后，一个妈妈划破了邻居的车胎，说要和她较量较量。
e.g. He left a note at the scene of the crime, challenging detectives to catch him...
他在犯罪现场留了个条儿，向警探挑衅。

6. (警卫)盘问，查问
If someone is challenged by a guard, they are ordered to stop and say who they are or why they are there.

e.g. The men apparently opened fire after they were challenged by a patrol.
显然，那些人是在受到一支巡逻队的盘问后开的火。

7. see also: challenged
see also: challenging

名词经验，体验; 经历，阅历

及物动词感受; 亲身参与，亲身经历; 发现

1. 经验；实践
Experience is knowledge or skill in a particular job or activity, which you have gained because you have done that job or activity for a long time.

e.g. He has also had managerial experience on every level...
他还有各个层级的管理经验。
e.g. He's counting on his mother to take care of the twins for him; she's had plenty of experience with them.
他靠母亲帮忙照顾他的双胞胎;她在这方面很有经验。

2. （组成个人生活或形成个性的）经历，阅历
Experience is used to refer to the past events, knowledge, and feelings that make up someone's life or character.

e.g. I should not be in any danger here, but experience has taught me caution...
我在这里应该不会有任何危险，但是经验告诉我要小心。
e.g. She had learned from experience to take little rests in between her daily routine...
经验告诉她在日常生活中要不时休息一下。

3. （尤指重要的）经历，往事
An experience is something that you do or that happens to you, especially something important that affects you.

e.g. Moving had become a common experience for me...
搬家对我而言已经成了常事。
e.g. His only experience of gardening so far proved immensely satisfying...
到目前为止他唯一的一次园艺经历非常令人满意。

4. 经历
If you experience a particular situation, you are in that situation or it happens to you.

e.g. We had never experienced this kind of holiday before and had no idea what to expect...
我们以前从未有过这样的假期，不知道会怎么样。
e.g. British business is now experiencing a severe recession.
英国商业现在正经历严重的衰退。

5. 感受;体验
If you experience a feeling, you feel it or are affected by it.

e.g. Widows seem to experience more distress than do widowers.
寡妇似乎比鳏夫更痛苦。

名词典礼; （宗教等的）仪式; 例行公事，老规矩

形容词作为仪式的一部分的; 礼节性的; 例行公事的

1. 典礼;(宗教)仪式
A ritual is a religious service or other ceremony which involves a series of actions performed in a fixed order.

e.g. This is the most ancient, and holiest of the Shinto rituals...
这是最古老、最神圣的神道教仪式。
e.g. These ceremonies were already part of pre-Christian ritual in Mexico.
这些仪式已经成为墨西哥基督教时期以前的宗教仪式的一部分。

2. 仪式性的;传统的
Ritual activities happen as part of a ritual or tradition.

e.g. ...fastings and ritual dancing.
斋戒和传统舞蹈
e.g. ...an act of ritual suicide.
仪式性的自杀行为

及物动词放逐，驱逐; 消除，排除

1. 放逐；驱逐；流放
If someone or something is banished from a place or area of activity, they are sent away from it and prevented from entering it.

e.g. John was banished from England...
约翰被逐出了英格兰。
e.g. I was banished to the small bedroom upstairs...
我被赶到了楼上的小卧室。

2. 消除；排除；摆脱
If you banish something unpleasant, you get rid of it.

e.g. ...a public investment programme intended to banish the recession.
旨在摆脱经济衰退的公共投资项目
e.g. ...diseases like malaria that have been banished for centuries.
已经被根除数世纪之久的疟疾之类的疾病

3. 不再去想；打消…的念头
If you banish the thought of something, you stop thinking about it.

e.g. He has now banished all thoughts of retirement...
他现在已经完全打消了退休的念头。
e.g. The past few days had been banished from his mind.
他现在已经不再去想过去的这几天了。