[7分41秒] 初学者英语听力练习：关于蔬菜的日常对话

名词交易; 市集; 需求; 交易情况，行情

及物动词在市场上出售某物; 推销

不及物动词美去市场买东西

1. （通常指露天）集市， 市场
A market is a place where goods are bought and sold, usually outdoors.

e.g. He sold boots on a market stall.
他在集市上摆摊卖靴子。

2. 需求量;市场需求;顾客群;行销地区
The market for a particular type of thing is the number of people who want to buy it, or the area of the world in which it is sold.

e.g. The foreign market was increasingly crucial.
国外市场越来越重要了。
e.g. ...the Russian market for personal computers...
俄罗斯的个人电脑市场

3. （尤用于谈论同行业竞争时）年销售量，市场总额
The market refers to the total amount of a product that is sold each year, especially when you are talking about the competition between the companies who sell that product.

e.g. The two big companies control 72% of the market.
两大公司控制了72%的市场份额。

4. 市场的;由市场决定的
If you talk about a market economy, or the market price of something, you are referring to an economic system in which the prices of things depend on how many are available and how many people want to buy them, rather than prices being fixed by governments.

e.g. Their ultimate aim was a market economy for Hungary...
他们最终的目标是为匈牙利建立起市场经济体制。
e.g. He must sell the house for the current market value.
他必须以目前的市价出售这座房子。

5. 营销;推销；进行市场推广
To market a product means to organize its sale, by deciding on its price, where it should be sold, and how it should be advertised.

e.g. ...if you marketed our music the way you market pop music...
要是你用了推广流行音乐的方式宣传我们的音乐的方式
e.g. Touch-tone telephones have been marketed in America since 1963.
按键式电话从1963年起就开始在美国销售。

6. 就业市场/劳动力市场
The job market or the labour market refers to the people who are looking for work and the jobs available for them to do.

e.g. Every year, 250,000 people enter the job market.
每年有25万人进入就业市场。
e.g. ...the changes in the labour market during the 1980s.
20世纪80年代劳动力市场的变化

7. 股票市场;股市
The stock market is sometimes referred to as the market .

e.g. The market collapsed last October.
去年10月股市崩盘。

8. see also: black market;market forces;open market

9. 买方市场/ 卖方市场
If you say that it is a buyer's market, you mean that it is a good time to buy a particular thing, because there is a lot of it available, so its price is low. If you say that it is a seller's market, you mean that very little of it is available, so its price is high.

e.g. Don't be afraid to haggle: for the moment, it's a buyer's market...
别怕还价，现在是买方市场。
e.g. Housing became a seller's market, and prices zoomed up.
房地产成了卖方市场，房价急剧上升。

10. 有意购买;想买进
If you are in the market for something, you are interested in buying it.

e.g. If you're in the market for a new radio, you'll see that the latest models are very different.
如果你打算买一台新收音机，你会发现最新型号的收音机变化非常大。

11. 在出售;待售/上市;投入市场
If something is on the market, it is available for people to buy. If it comes onto the market, it becomes available for people to buy.

e.g. ...putting more empty offices on the market.
出售更多的闲置办公室
e.g. ...new medicines that have just come onto the market.
刚刚上市的新药

12. 要价过高而无人购买
If you price yourself out of the market, you try to sell goods or services at a higher price than other people, with the result that no one buys them from you.

e.g. At ￡150,000 for a season, he really is pricing himself out of the market.
他居然一个赛季要价15万英镑，真让人不敢问津。

名词根，根源; 原因，本质; 祖先; [乐]和弦基音

及物动词使生根; 使固定; 根源在于; 欢呼，喝彩

不及物动词生根; 根除

1. 根;根茎
The roots of a plant are the parts of it that grow under the ground.

e.g. ...the twisted roots of an apple tree.
苹果树盘绕的根

2. (使)生根成长
If you root a plant or cutting or if it roots, roots form on the bottom of its stem and it starts to grow.

e.g. Most plants will root in about six to eight weeks...
大多数植物都会在6到8周内生根。
e.g. Root the cuttings in a heated propagator.
把插条放在加热的培育箱里生根。

3. (蔬菜、作物等)块根的，根茎可食用的
Root vegetables or root crops are grown for their roots which are large and can be eaten.

e.g. ...root crops such as carrots and potatoes.
诸如胡萝卜和马铃薯之类的块根作物

4. (头发或牙齿的)根，根部
The root of a hair or tooth is the part of it that is underneath the skin.

e.g. ...decay around the roots of teeth.
牙根周围的腐蚀
e.g. ...wax strips which remove hairs cleanly from the root.
能彻底将毛发连根清除的脱毛蜡

5. 根脉;祖籍;血统;根基
You can refer to the place or culture that a person or their family comes from as their roots .

e.g. I am proud of my Brazilian roots...
我为我的巴西血统感到自豪。
e.g. It's 21 years since she first moved to Britain from the Lebanon, but she hasn't forgotten her roots.
她从黎巴嫩搬到英国已经有21年了，但她从未忘记自己的根。

6. 根音乐（受传统文化强烈影响的流行音乐，尤指雷盖音乐)
Roots is used to refer to pop music, especially reggae, that is strongly influenced by the traditional music of the culture that it originally came from.

e.g. ...superb roots reggae by the likes of Little Roy and Wailing Souls.
像小罗伊、“哭泣灵魂”等这一类音乐人表演的极棒的老根雷盖乐

7. (问题、困境等的)根源，起因，祸根
You can refer to the cause of a problem or of an unpleasant situation as the root of it or the roots of it.

e.g. We got to the root of the problem...
我们找到了问题的根源。
e.g. This lack of recognition was at the root of the dispute...
这种不被承认就是这次纷争的根源。

8. 词根
The root of a word is the part that contains its meaning and to which other parts can be added.

e.g. The word 'secretary' comes from the same Latin root as the word 'secret'.
单词secretary和secret有同样的拉丁词根。

9. 翻找;搜寻
If you root through or in something, you search for something by moving other things around.

e.g. She rooted through the bag, found what she wanted, and headed toward the door...
她在包里翻了一阵，找到了想要的东西，然后朝门口走去。
e.g. Dogs root in the debris at the roadside.
狗在路边的垃圾里觅食。

10. see also: rooted;cube root;grass roots;square root

11. 完全地;彻底地
If something has been completely changed or destroyed, you can say that it has been changed or destroyed root and branch .

e.g. The forces of National Socialism were transforming Germany root and branch...
纳粹主义势力当时正在彻底改变德国。
e.g. Some prison practices are in need of root and branch reform.
有些监狱的做法需要彻底改革。

12. 扎根;定居;安家
If someone puts down roots, they make a place their home, for example by taking part in activities there or by making a lot of friends there.

e.g. When they got to Montana, they put down roots and built a life.
到了蒙大拿后，他们便在那里扎根并过上了新生活。

13. (想法、信念或风俗)深入人心，根深蒂固
If an idea, belief, or custom takes root, it becomes established among a group of people.

e.g. Time would be needed for democracy to take root...
民主观念要深入人心需要时间。
e.g. Without a sensible sex education all kinds of strange and fantastic ideas will take root.
没有合理的性教育，各种各样奇怪荒诞的说法都会有人相信。

相关词组：root aroundroot forroot out

名词色拉

1. 色拉;凉拌菜
A salad is a mixture of raw or cold foods such as lettuce, cucumber, and tomatoes. It is often served with other food as part of a meal.

e.g. ...a salad of tomato, onion and cucumber.
西红柿、洋葱和黄瓜拌成的色拉
e.g. ...potato salad.
土豆色拉

2. 少不更事时期;涉世未深的青少年时期
If you refer to your salad days, you are referring to a period of your life when you were young and inexperienced.

e.g. The Grand Hotel did not seem to have changed since her salad days.
从她年少时候到现在，格兰德酒店似乎一直就没有变过。

形容词用过的; 习惯于; 二手的; 旧的

动词使用（ use的过去式和过去分词）; 常常，经常

情态用法及短语（MODAL USES AND PHRASES）

1. 过去常常；过去曾
If something used to be done or used to be the case, it was done regularly in the past or was the case in the past.

e.g. People used to come and visit him every day...
人们过去每天都来拜访他。
e.g. He used to be one of the professors at the School of Education...
他曾是教育学院的一名教授。

2. 过去不曾（亦作did not use to 或 did not used to，尤用于口语）
If something used not to be done or used not to be the case, it was not done in the past or was not the case in the past. The forms did not use to and did not used to are also found, especially in spoken English.

e.g. Borrowing used not to be recommended...
过去是不建议借贷的。
e.g. At some point kids start doing things they didn't use to do. They get more independent...
从某个时候起，孩子们开始做以前不曾做的事情。他们变得更加独立。

3. 习惯于
If you are used to something, you are familiar with it because you have done it or experienced it many times before.

e.g. I'm used to having my sleep interrupted...
我习惯了睡觉时被吵醒。
e.g. It doesn't frighten them. They're used to it.
这可吓不倒他们。他们已经习惯了。

4. 开始习惯于
If you get used to something or someone, you become familiar with it or get to know them, so that you no longer feel that the thing or person is unusual or surprising.

e.g. This is how we do things here. You'll soon get used to it...
我们这里就是这么做事的。你很快就会习惯的。
e.g. He took some getting used to...
他过了一段时间才慢慢适应。